CURP Biometric Reform Approved Alongside 11 New Laws

The biometric Unique Population Registry Code (CURP) is now a mandatory official document for all Mexican citizens, marking the launch of the country’s new digital identification system. This change was formalized through a decree published in the Official Gazette (DOF), alongside 11 additional reforms covering telecommunications, animal rights, and the National Guard.

Traditionally, the CURP is an 18-character personal identifier for individuals residing in Mexico, whether nationals, foreigners, or Mexicans abroad, but it will now be enhanced to include biometric data.

The updated biometric CURP will contain detailed personal and biometric information, including the first two letters of the paternal last name, the first letter of the maternal last name, and the initial of the first given name, except for common names like José or María, where the second given name is used instead. It will also feature the last two digits of the birth year, birth month and day, a gender identifier, and a birthplace code. Additional elements include a unique three-character alphanumeric key, a certification statement by RENAPO, and a digital signature in newer versions. The CURP will also display the applicant’s photograph and a QR code containing biometric data such as ten fingerprints and iris scans of both eyes.

While no exact start date has been announced, authorities expect a gradual rollout with full enforcement by Feb. 2026. The decree requires the creation of a Unified Identity Platform within 90 days, developed by the Ministry of the Interior and the Digital Transformation Agency, to integrate biometric data into the CURP and connect the National Population Registry with the healthcare system. Public and private institutions will be required to update their systems to recognize the biometric CURP for official procedures. Moreover, within 120 days, a national program will begin collecting biometric data from children and adolescents in partnership with relevant organizations.

Alongside CURP reforms, President Claudia Sheinbaum issued 11 additional decrees following the recent extraordinary session of Congress. These include establishing the National Guard as a permanent public security force under military command but trained in policing, now operating under the Ministry of National Defense. Changes to the Telecommunications Law mandate that providers share users’ real-time geolocation with security authorities upon request and require CURP verification to activate or maintain mobile lines. The Wildlife Law bans the use of marine mammals in entertainment, prohibiting acrobatic performances and imposing fines up to MX$8 million for violations.

Other reforms reinforce legislation on forced disappearance and population registries to enhance search and identification processes. They also encompass national security intelligence and investigation, amendments targeting illicit financial operations, and updates to social development, budgeting, and government accounting laws. Further changes include revisions to the Economic Competition Law and regulations governing state-owned entities, the harmonization of railway and transportation laws, and the elimination of bureaucratic obstacles.