Challenges of Digitalizing Mexico's Electoral Process

Global doubts regarding the reliability and efficiency of digitalized voting systems have intensified in recent years, significantly impacting the general public perception surrounding voting processes. While public distrust in elections is not a new phenomenon, it is crucial to analyze the benefits that could entail transitioning from paper-based voting systems to computer-based ones, especially considering Mexico's history with fraudulent elections.

Although paper-based systems are generally perceived as more transparent than computer-based systems, it is essential to recognize that both approaches have their specific flaws. On Feb. 22, 2023, Mexico’s National Electoral Institute (INE) organized a Technology Exhibition that explored the potential for modernizing Mexico's electoral process, addressing concerns about the security and accuracy of digitalizing it.

The transition to computer-based elections in Mexico may encounter several challenges. For example, the Mexican government and INE will need to ensure the existence of a robust voting system that efficiently and securely stores data. Additionally, new regulations surrounding computer-based elections must be developed and implemented, since cybersecurity measures and services are vital to guarantee a clean, honest and democratic process.

To mitigate cybersecurity threats, comprehensive security measures are indispensable. These include robust encryption protocols, secure system infrastructure and multi-factor identification for election officials and voters, among others. “We want to help companies and institutions with the management of systems so that they run smoothly and without signal interruptions,” says Esteban Rey Ortega, co-founder and CTO, Octopus.

On the other hand, the benefits of digitalizing voting processes in Mexico would be numerous. Modernization can lead to increased voter participation, making it more accessible to a broader range of citizens. Furthermore, digital systems can reduce costs associated with printing paper ballots, setting up physical polling stations and manual data entry. Although initial investments are necessary, the long-term savings can be significant.

However, before nationwide implementation, the modernization of the Mexican voting system must fulfill multiple objectives. Carla Humphrey, INE Counselor, highlights the importance of “maximizing the exercise of political and electoral rights, optimizing the voting process, obtaining electoral results on the same day of Election Day, avoiding computational errors and, in the middle term, making the electoral processes cheaper.”

In conclusion, while the transition to computer-based elections presents challenges, it also holds great potential for Mexico. By addressing cybersecurity concerns, implementing comprehensive security measures, and focusing on the benefits of digitalization, Mexico can enhance its electoral system, increase public trust, and pave the way for more efficient and transparent democratic processes.