Security Challenges and Solutions: A Critical Discussion

Mining companies in Mexico face a complex security environment, requiring strategies to address blockades, internal corruption, and dealing with illicit groups, including cartels. Companies are adapting their approaches to anticipate and respond to these challenges effectively.

Mario Salomón, Country Manager, Grupo Multisistemas de Seguridad Industrial, highlighted that insecurity in Mexico continues to rise. He noted that during Carlos Salinas de Gortari’s presidency, there were 53,067 homicides, with the only decline occurring during Vicente Fox’s term, which recorded 44,826 homicides. In contrast, during López Obrador’s administration, the number increased significantly to 153,075, excluding the final months of 2024. Salomón estimated that counting the missing months could make this figure reach 180,000, more than double the 80,686 homicides recorded during Felipe Calderón’s presidency.

Salomón noted the limited success from the federal government's Abrazos, no Balazos (Hugs, not Bullets) strategy. This policy remains unchanged, while a lack of coordination among federal, state, and municipal authorities, combined with low police salaries and inadequate training, contributes to ongoing security risks. United States and Canadian authorities have officially classified Mexican drug cartels as terrorist entities, adding further pressure on security frameworks. 

Despite this security context, Salomón noted that US and Canadian mining companies are still interested in investing in the country due to multiple other factors like skilled labor force and mineral abundance. He noted that companies can mitigate risks by working with private security partners, maintaining communication with local authorities, and implementing tailored security measures. 

Salomón emphasized that selecting the right private security partner is crucial. While it may appear to be an additional cost, it should be viewed as an investment. "The second most important element is deterrence. Imagine a lion; despite its strength, it targets the weakest prey. Criminals act similarly, choosing to attack companies that appear less protected," he explained.

During Mexico Mining Forum PDAC 2025, David Betancourt, Director General, Mining Risk Advisors (MRA), and Salomón agreed that 90% of security consists of prevention. On the other hand, reaction was described as an undesirable but necessary aspect of security in mining operations. Salomón emphasized the importance of ensuring that security partners are not only trained in physical combat but also in areas such as psychology, protocol implementation, and human rights. “It is not uncommon for someone acting in self-defense to be wrongly identified as the aggressor,” he noted.

A 360° Approach to Security in Mining Operations

According to the World Economic Forum (WEF), cybersecurity ranked as the fifth biggest risk in the short term for 2024-2025. Betancourt noted that the survey did not specifically mention the mining sector, however, this is a growing threat to the industry. He also noted that the sector is increasingly exposed to various security threats, including blackmail, cybercrime, extortion, fraud, collusion, internal theft, and vehicle theft, among others. 

Betancourt noted the mining sector in Mexico presents some advantages to fighting digital threats. For instance, as most mining projects work with local workforce from nearby communities, they might not be as vulnerable to scam campaigns, making it paramount to work in the internal aspects of mining operations.  

Salomón highlighted that technology can also enhance physical security by improving monitoring and providing feedback. "At Multisistemas de Seguridad Industrial, we use drones to monitor mining sites more effectively. Our personnel are equipped with integrated cameras, which not only ensure their safety but also allow us to verify that protocols are being followed. If they are not, we can provide immediate feedback," he added.