Challenges Ahead for Mexico’s Lithium Industry

In 2024, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) updated its estimates for lithium resources in Bolivia, Argentina, and the United States, but kept Mexico's estimate at 1.7Mt. Experts have criticized the Mexican government for not publishing its own estimate, highlighting a lack of decisive political action.

Despite ongoing discussions about the potential of lithium in Mexico, Aleida Azamar, Specialist in International Economics and Development, UAM, emphasized that there has been little progress in the technical and financial efforts needed to develop lithium production. "This is a lengthy and complex process that could take several years, even during the exploration phase. However, it is important to understand that the situation is still evolving. Even once a precise estimate is established, it will remain provisional, as new discoveries and ongoing exploration may alter the figures," explained Azamar.

Rigoberto García, Researcher at the Department of Urban Studies and the Environment, El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, criticized the minimal funding allocated to LitioMX in 2025, which is set to receive MX$13 million (US$627,883.10). He argued that this sum is insufficient for a government initiative aimed at using lithium as a key driver of national development. García further suggested that the lack of adequate resources for lithium exploration and extraction in 2025 signals that no significant progress is expected. "At present, lithium remains more of an illusion—an idea or project still far from being realized. The government has not taken the necessary steps and, in fact, has hindered the development of this sector in a more efficient manner," García concluded.

Óscar Ocampo, Energy and Environment Coordinator, IMCO, agreed that a major barrier to the growth of Mexico's lithium industry is the limited public funding and minimal private sector involvement in the country's lithium supply chain. Despite these challenges, President Claudia Sheinbaum remains optimistic, expressing confidence that lithium production will begin during her administration, which she believes will drive economic progress.